mpi-pthreads-pie-collective: needs support of PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER: pthread_mutex_t mypi_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; mpi-pthreads-pthreads.c: needs support of MPI features: MPI_Init_thread, MPI_Abort, enumerators such as MPI_THREAD_MULTIPLE. mpithreads_both.c: has a memory leak problem, needs to debug.